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A Chicago note is not a bibliography entry with different spacing. It uses a different name order, different punctuation, and — the part that most often goes missing — a page number pointing at the exact passage you used.
A superscript number in your text sends the reader to a numbered note at the bottom of the page. The first note for a source gives the full citation: the author in normal order, the title, the publication details in parentheses, and the page you are citing.
Notes are numbered continuously through a chapter or article, not restarted on each page. Your word processor handles that automatically if you insert notes with its footnote command rather than typing the numbers yourself.
The same book produces two visibly different lines depending on where it appears. The note keeps the author's name in reading order and joins its elements with commas, because it is a sentence-like aside. The bibliography entry inverts the name so the list can be alphabetized, and separates elements with periods.
Only the note carries a page number. A bibliography entry describes the whole work, so pinning it to page 45 would be wrong.
After the first full note, every later citation of the same work uses a shortened form: the author's surname, a shortened title, and the page. Chicago now discourages Ibid., and the reason is practical — Ibid. means "the source in the previous note", so inserting a new citation above it silently makes it point at the wrong book. A shortened note survives editing.
The format is identical; only the placement differs. Footnotes sit at the bottom of the page, which suits work where readers check sources as they read. Endnotes collect at the end of the chapter or document, which keeps the page clean when notes are long or frequent. Follow your instructor or publisher, and never mix the two in one document.
Placement only. Footnotes appear at the bottom of the page and endnotes at the end of the chapter or document. Both use exactly the same Chicago note format.
Yes, whenever it supports a quotation or a specific claim. Pointing the reader at the exact page is the main reason the notes system exists — a note without one is doing the bibliography's job.
Chicago now discourages it. Use a shortened note instead — surname, short title, page — which stays correct even after your text is edited and the notes are renumbered.
Usually yes. Most Chicago assignments want both: notes for page-level attribution and a bibliography giving the alphabetized overview of your sources. Some short papers waive the bibliography if every source appears in a full note — check your brief.
Yes. Chicago notes and bibliography entries are free with no sign-up required.